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He who fatally strikes a man shall be put to death. [ . . . ]
He who strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.
He who kidnaps a man—whether he has sold him or is still holding him…
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If a man has two wives, one loved and the other unloved, and both the loved and the unloved have borne him sons, but the first-born is the son of the unloved one—when he wills his property to his…
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May my lord, the governor/commander, listen to the word of his servant! As for your servant, your servant was harvesting in Hatsar-asam. And your servant harvested and finished/measured and stored it…
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Meṣad Hashavyahu, Land of Israel (Yavneh, Israel)
Date:
Late 7th Century BCE
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Papyrus, rolled and sealed, Samaria, 4th century BCE. This legal document had multiple seals affixed to it, apparently from different individuals (see the translation of this document, Slave Sale)…
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Samaria, Land of Israel (Samaria, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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A woman must not put on man’s apparel, nor shall a man wear woman’s clothing; for whoever does these things is abhorrent to the Lord your God.
If, along the road, you chance upon a bird…
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City gate, Gezer, Early Iron Age (1200–980 BCE). This gatehouse complex had benches for participants in legal procedures and other public affairs. In the book of Ruth, Boaz goes to the city gate in…
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Gezer, Land of Israel (Tel Gezer, Israel)
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Early Iron Age
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On the twentieth of Adar, the second year (of Arses), the accession year of Darius, the king, in Samaria the citadel, which is in Samaria the province, Hananiah son of Beyadel sold a certain Yehohanan…
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Samaria, Land of Israel (Wādī ad Dāliyah, Israel)
Date:
335 BCE
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We want to make ourselves strong for our people and the cities of our God, and to raise the banner of Torah which had been thrown to the ground and trodden down.
Behold, this people of God is a…
Contributor:
Jacob Berab
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Safed, Ottoman Empire (Safed, Israel)
Date:
1538
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You shall appoint magistrates and officials for your tribes, in all the settlements that the Lord your God is giving you, and they shall govern the people with due justice. You shall…
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Hear what the Lord is saying:
Come, present [My] case before the mountains,
And let the hills hear you pleading.
Hear, you mountains, the case of the Lord—
You firm foundations of the earth!
For…
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