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This is a Judean imitation of a popular Athenian coin type. On the front is the head of Athena, distinguished by her helmet. On the back is an owl, the symbol of Athena. To the left of the owl is a…
Places:
Yehud, Land of Israel
(Southern Israel, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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The front of this coin depicts an animal horn, probably a shofar (parallel lines across the horn suggest horns of rams and some other animals). If this is a shofar, it likely signifies praying to God…
Places:
Yehud, Land of Israel
(Southern Israel, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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This altar is approximately 3.5 feet (1.1 m) tall and 5 feet (1.5 m) square. The protrusions at its upper corners are reminiscent of the “horns” of the Tabernacle altar (see “The Tabernacle”)…
Places:
Beersheba, Land of Israel
(Beersheba, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, 8th Century BCE
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Numerous figurines of horses, sometimes including a rider, have been found. Most have traces of paint; it is likely that they were all originally painted. The paint sometimes depicts the horse’s…
Places:
Moza, Land of Israel
(Motsa, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA, 10th–9th Century BCE
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This terra-cotta bird figurine from Lachish, about 4 inches (10 cm) high, has outspread wings indicating flight. Like the Judahite pillar figurines discussed earlier, its base is a solid pillar…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel
(Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, 8th Century BCE
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This seal, found at the Western Wall plaza in Jerusalem, shows a uraeus or upright cobra with four wings. Modeled on the black-necked cobra that applies its venom both by biting and spitting, it was…
Places:
Jerusalem, Land of Israel
(Jerusalem, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB–IIC, Late 8th–7th Century BCE
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This detail appears on the right side of a pithos (storage jar) from Kuntillet Ajrud. The two Bes figures on the lower left are unrelated to the lyre player in the upper right. Bes was a minor…
Places:
Kuntillet Ajrud, Land of Israel
(Kuntillat Jurayyah, Egypt)
Date:
Iron Age II, Late 9th–Early 8th Century BCE
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This terra-cotta figurine from Lachish is very schematic, and the rider’s legs are not shown. The rider cannot represent an average person because people—even kings—more often rode on donkeys and…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel
(Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, 8th Century BCE
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In this terra-cotta dove figurine from Beth Shemesh, 4 inches (10 cm) long, care was taken with the shape of the head and body and in showing the tail by painted lines. Yet there are no feet and the…
Places:
Beth Shemesh, Land of Israel
(Tel Bet Shemesh, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, 10th–6th Century BCE
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This image, found at En Gedi, depicts a prancing or galloping horse with its head and right foreleg raised. The high level of skill shown in the realistic engraving makes it one of the finest seals…
Places:
‘En Gedi, Land of Israel
(‘En Gedi, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIC, End of 7th–Beginning of 6th Century BCE