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Toggle pins and fibulae were fasteners for garments, and because they were often decorated, they also functioned as jewelry. The toggle pin was a thick straight pin, ornamented on its upper part or…
Places:
Mizpah, Land of Israel
(Tell en-Nasbeh, West Bank)
Date:
Iron Age I, 12th–10th Century BCE
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This detail appears on the right side of a pithos (storage jar) from Kuntillet Ajrud. The two Bes figures on the lower left are unrelated to the lyre player in the upper right. Bes was a minor…
Places:
Kuntillet Ajrud, Land of Israel
(Kuntillat Jurayyah, Egypt)
Date:
Iron Age II, Late 9th–Early 8th Century BCE
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In this detail from a pithos (storage jar) from Kuntillet Ajrud, five people stand with raised forearms (their hands are not depicted). As raised hands usually signify praying, the scene may represent…
Places:
Kuntillet Ajrud, Land of Israel
(Kuntillat Jurayyah, Egypt)
Date:
Iron Age II, Late 9th–Early 8th Century BCE
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A detailed description of the priests’ sacral vestments in Exodus 28 provides written evidence of sacred dress and adornment, although neither archaeological evidence nor pictorial representations for…
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Date:
Biblical Period
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This detail appears in a relief from the palace of Sennacherib, king of Assyria (r. 705–681 BCE), in Nineveh depicting the Assyrian conquest of Lachish in 701 BCE. (For the full relief, see "Conquest…
Date:
ca. 701 BCE
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This relief from Sennacherib’s palace shows workers rebuilding Nineveh, harnessed by shoulder straps to ropes by which they haul a large bull colossus toward the palace. Workers from various places…
Date:
Early 7th Century BCE
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The fibula, which replaced the toggle pin during the Iron Age, is similar to a modern safety pin. It had a main bent section with a clasp, which was often elaborately decorated, and a simple straight…
Places:
Tell Beit Mirsim, Land of Israel
(Tell Beit Mirsim, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, Early 10th–Early 6th Century BCE
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There are numerous terra-cotta plaque figurines of females, some naked and others clothed, holding disks, mostly from northern Israel and Transjordan. Many come from border towns and towns whose…
Places:
Hazor, Land of Israel
(Tel Hazor, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age II, 9th–8th Century BCE
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Sphinxes are among the most ubiquitous images on Iron Age Levantine ivories. The sphinx combines the features of several animals; it has the head of a human, the wings of an eagle, and the body of a…
Places:
Samaria, Land of Israel
(Samaria, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA–IIB, 9th–8th Century BCE
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This necklace of beads is predominantly of orange glass but incorporates stone beads and gold spacers as well. The beads range in shape from bi-conical to cylindrical and also include larger…
Places:
‘En Gedi, Land of Israel
(‘En Gedi, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 5th Century BCE