A Reference to the Patriarchate in Jerome’s Letter to Pammachius

At the outset before I defend my version, I wish to ask those persons who confound wisdom with cunning, some few questions. Where did you get your copy of the letter? Who gave it to you? How have you the effrontery to bring forward what you have procured by fraud? What place of safety will be left us if we cannot conceal our secrets even within our own walls and our own writing-desks? Were I to press such a charge against you before a legal tribunal, I could make you amenable to the laws which even in fiscal cases appoint penalties for meddlesome informers and condemn the traitor even while they accept his treachery. For though they welcome the profit which the information gives them, they disapprove the motive which actuates the informer. A little while ago a man of consular rank named Hesychius (against whom the patriarch Gamaliel waged an implacable war) was condemned to death by the emperor Theodosius simply because he had laid hold of imperial papers through a secretary whom he had tempted.

Translated by W. H. Fremantle.

Published in: The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization, vol. 2: Emerging Judaism.

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Jerome’s letter to Pammachius defends his method of translating a certain letter from Greek to Latin. The renowned church father had been accused of falsely or erroneously translating, but Jerome’s defense is to distinguish between literary works requiring sense translation, where often no precise word-for-word equivalents exist for the original language, and translation of scripture, which requires a word-for-word approach due to the hidden mysteries within the text. In the course of the text, Jerome makes a passing remark about the patriarch Gamaliel, allegedly an opponent of a certain Hesychius of consular rank, who was sentenced to death by the emperor Theodosius in the later fourth century, around 390 CE.

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