Latin-Hebrew Receipt (England)

This Latin deed, written on parchment and dated to November 15, 1182, acquits Richard de Malebis of his obligation to pay £4, as part of a much larger debt. The recto, as is common in such texts, contains Hebrew signatures. Less than a decade later, Richard was one of the ringleaders of the 1190 massacre of the Jews of York, which was initiated in part to avoid repayment of such loans. King Richard I (r. 1189–1199) punished Richard for his role in this attack.