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Date:
Iron Age II, Late 8th–7th Century BCE
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The Arad sanctuary today exists in ruins (image on left), and scholars have attempted its reconstruction (right). The sanctuary included a building with a broad hall approximately 35 feet (10.5 m)…
Places:
Arad, Land of Israel (Tel ‘Arad, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA–IIB, 9th–8th Century BCE
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Numerous figurines of horses, sometimes including a rider, have been found. Most have traces of paint; it is likely that they were all originally painted. The paint sometimes depicts the horse’s…
Places:
Moza, Land of Israel (Motsa, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA, 10th–9th Century BCE
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This is a Judean imitation of a popular Athenian coin type. On the front is the head of Athena, distinguished by her helmet. On the back is an owl, the symbol of Athena. To the left of the owl is a…
Places:
Yehud, Land of Israel (Southern Israel, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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The front of this coin depicts an animal horn, probably a shofar (parallel lines across the horn suggest horns of rams and some other animals). If this is a shofar, it likely signifies praying to God…
Places:
Yehud, Land of Israel (Southern Israel, Israel)
Date:
Persian Period, 4th Century BCE
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This altar is approximately 3.5 feet (1.1 m) tall and 5 feet (1.5 m) square. The protrusions at its upper corners are reminiscent of the “horns” of the Tabernacle altar (see “The Tabernacle”)…
Places:
Beersheba, Land of Israel (Beersheba, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIB, 8th Century BCE
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This group of ritual containers from Lachish, for incense or other types of offerings, includes ceramic stands, offering bowls, chalices, and a small stone altar found near them. The ceramic stand on…
Places:
Lachish, Land of Israel (Tel Lakhish, Israel)
Date:
Iron Age IIA, 10th–9th Century BCE
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This detail appears on the right side of a pithos (storage jar) from Kuntillet Ajrud. The two Bes figures on the lower left are unrelated to the lyre player in the upper right. Bes was a minor…
Places:
Kuntillet Ajrud, Land of Israel (Kuntillat Jurayyah, Egypt)
Date:
Iron Age II, Late 9th–Early 8th Century BCE
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In this detail from a pithos (storage jar) from Kuntillet Ajrud, five people stand with raised forearms (their hands are not depicted). As raised hands usually signify praying, the scene may represent…
Places:
Kuntillet Ajrud, Land of Israel (Kuntillat Jurayyah, Egypt)
Date:
Iron Age II, Late 9th–Early 8th Century BCE
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Toggle pins and fibulae were fasteners for garments, and because they were often decorated, they also functioned as jewelry. The toggle pin was a thick straight pin, ornamented on its upper part or…
Places:
Mizpah, Land of Israel (Tell en-Nasbeh, West Bank)
Date:
Iron Age I, 12th–10th Century BCE