Samuel ben Jacob

10th Century-11th Century
Samuel ben Jacob was a famous artist and calligrapher in Fustāt (Old Cairo), who was commissioned by wealthy patrons to produce luxurious illuminated Bible codices that included the Hebrew text, the vowels, and the Masoretic notes. His artistry was greatly admired, and his handwriting served as a model for later calligraphers.

Content by Samuel ben Jacob

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Leningrad Codex (Samuel ben Jacob)

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Completed around 1008/9 for the wealthy Karaite Mevorakh ibn Joseph Ibn Yazdād, the Leningrad Codex of the Hebrew Bible contains Masoretic notes and Tiberian vocalization, and at the end, grammatical…