Book of Decision (Commentary on Deuteronomy)
Judah Ibn Bal‘am
Mid-11th Century
These passages, from the Judeo-Arabic Book of Decision (Kitāb al-tarjīḥ), highlight different themes from Ibn Bal‘am’s exegetical thought. The first, from the commentary to Deuteronomy 4:24, discusses the theological impossibility of God truly being “a consuming fire.” Rather, the author insists that certain verses must not be taken literally. The second passage, from the commentary to Deuteronomy 13:3, addresses the theory of prophecy, a popular issue in medieval Muslim theology. In particular, Ibn Bal‘am argues against the idea that Israel’s revelation has been abrogated.
Related Guide
Early Medieval Bible Translations and Commentaries
Creator Bio
Judah Ibn Bal‘am
Judah ben Samuel Ibn Bal‘am, who also went by the Arabic name Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā, is primarily known for his linguistic and exegetical writings in Judeo-Arabic. Judah was born in Toledo and settled in Seville in the late eleventh century. His grammatical works and scriptural commentaries critically evaluate earlier views and preserve many positions that would otherwise have been lost. Although some viewed Judah as merely a follower of Ibn Janāḥ, his independence of mind has become increasingly clear as his works have been published in recent decades. One report has him studying halakhah later in life, and there is some evidence that he composed polemics against Karaites. He influenced all later Andalusis who worked in his field.
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