The National Being and the Jewish Community

[ . . . ] If against the assimilationist the American spirit affirms the right to be different, against the segregationist it affirms the right of free association of the different with one another. But it points also to a certain prior community of the Jewish group with the national being. This community is established in and through the Old…

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“The National Being and the Jewish Community” is an essay (originally published in 1922; reprinted in 1942) in which Horace Kallen argued that Judaism is not only a religion but also a distinct nationality or community that could thrive within American democracy. Because Kallen’s piece was considered a foundational text for American Jewish identity, it was frequently excerpted in Jewish educational pamphlets and social-theory collections during the 1940s while Jews in the United States grappled with the crisis in Europe. In 1942, the work was published as a pamphlet by the Jewish Reconstructionist Foundation, founded by Mordecai M. Kaplan.
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