Ḥerem against Se‘adya Ga’on

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Illustration of a bearded man standing on a decorated pulpit and gesturing, below partly visible Arabic script.
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In the course of his public disagreement with Se‘adya Ga’on, the exilarch David ben Zakkay issued a writ of excommunication (ḥerem) against the gaon. The Judeo- Arabic text derides Se‘adya for imposing his will on others, feigning humility, and being descended from unworthy stock. In 930, David ben Zakkay appointed Joseph ben Jacob Bar Satya (ca. 902–969) to head the Sura academy (Meḥasyah) in Se‘adya’s place. The unbracketed ellipsis indicates a lacuna in the manuscript.

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