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Ancient mosaic with several human figures, including two standing with a donkey on the left and one holding a knife and an infant next to a large fire on the right. In the center is a ram attached to a plant. The mosaic includes Hebrew and Greek inscriptions.

Guide

Early Jewish Diaspora Communities: Ḥimyar

4th–6th Centuries

Source

Josephus on Queen Salome

Josephus

Jewish Antiquities 13.320–432 (selections)

93–94

Source

Memoirs of a Jewish Colonist

Mordechai Alpersohn

1922

A rectangular stone mosaic with multiple lines of Hebrew script in dark tiles, set against a background of lighter-colored tiles. The mosaic appears weathered and is displayed outdoors.

Guide

The Palestinian (Jerusalem) and Babylonian Talmuds

2nd–6th Centuries

Facing manuscript pages in Hebrew script on damaged parchment.

Guide

Early Medieval Discussions of Prayer

8th to 12th Century

Two sides of an ancient coin: one side shows two joined cornucopias with a pomegranate in between, and the other side has an inscription in Paleo-Hebrew surrounded by a laurel wreath. The coin is aged and worn.

Guide

The Hasmonean Period

2nd–1st Centuries BCE

Source

Repentance

Israel Joshua Singer

1922

Source

Toward a Reconstruction of Judaism

Mordecai M. Kaplan

1927

A broken piece of pottery with ancient Hebrew script written in black ink across its surface.

Guide

Early Jewish Education

4th Century BCE–6th Century CE

Source

Salome

Josephus

Jewish Antiquities 17.34–68 (selections)

93–94

Ancient marble statues of lions surround a rectangular table with a relief of an eagle visible on its side. The table and statues rest on a mosaic-tiled floor, set in a partially preserved brick and stone courtyard under a clear sky. Behind them is a semicircular structure with stadium-like benches.

Guide

The Ancient Synagogue

4th Century BCE–6th Century CE

Source

The Dialogues between Job and his Friends. The First Cycle

Job 4–14 (selections)

ca. 1200–332 BCE