Grant’s Order No. 11 and Jewish Distrust after the Civil War
Bernhard Gillam
1882
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Can you think of other orders made during periods of war or national emergency that systematically excluded a class of citizens? How do those resemble or differ from the description of Grant’s order?
Clearly some Jews thought it was important to remember and use the history of Grant’s order, but can you imagine why others would rather forget it?
Does the cartoon succeed in refuting the idea that Jews are a political bloc or “class,” or does it fuel that notion?
Creator Bio
Bernhard Gillam
1856–1896
Bernhard Gillam was born in Banbury, in Oxfordshire, UK. When he was ten, his parents immigrated to New York. As a young man, he became an influential and popular political cartoonist there. He died at 39 of typhoid.
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