Rabbinic Halakhah in the Talmud

Rava said: [If someone saw] a mouse enter [a house with a] loaf [of bread] in its mouth, and he entered after [the mouse] and found crumbs, [the house] requires [additional] searching, due to [the fact that] a mouse does not typically generate crumbs. And Rava [also] said: [If someone saw] a child enter with a loaf in his hand, and he entered after [the child] and found crumbs, [the house] does not require [additional] searching, because a child typically generates crumbs. Rava raised a dilemma: [If someone saw] a mouse enter with a loaf in its mouth, and [he saw] a mouse leave with a loaf in its mouth, what is [the halakhah]? Do we say [that] this [mouse] that entered is that [same mouse] that left? Or perhaps it is a different [mouse]. If you say [that] this [mouse] that entered was this [one] that left, [what if someone saw—Ed.] a white mouse enter with a loaf in its mouth and a black mouse leave with a loaf in its mouth, what is [the halakhah]? This is certainly a different [mouse], or perhaps [the black mouse] took [the loaf] from [the white mouse]? And if you say [that] mice do not take from each other, [if someone saw] a mouse enter with a loaf in its mouth and a marten leave with a loaf in its mouth, what is [the halakhah]? The marten certainly took it [from the mouse]? Or perhaps it is a different [loaf], for if it is so, that [the marten] took [the loaf] from the mouse, the mouse would [also] be found in its mouth. And if you say [that] if it is so, that [if the marten] took it from the mouse the mouse [itself] would be in its mouth, [if someone saw] a mouse enter with a loaf in its mouth and a marten leave with [both] a loaf and a mouse in its mouth, what is [the halakhah]? This is certainly the same [mouse and loaf], or perhaps: If it is so, that this is the same [mouse, the] loaf would have been found in the mouse’s mouth [rather than in the marten’s mouth]. Or perhaps [the loaf] fell [from the mouse’s mouth] due to [its] fear, [and the marten] took it. Let [the question—Ed.] stand [unresolved].

Translation adapted from the Noé Edition of the Koren Talmud Bavli.

Notes

Words in brackets appear in the original translation unless otherwise noted.

Credits

From Koren Talmud Bavli, Noé Edition, trans. Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz (Jerusalem: Koren Publishers Jerusalem, 2019). Accessed via the William Davidson digital edition, sefaria.org. Adapted with permission of Koren Publishers Ltd.

Published in: The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization, vol. 2: Emerging Judaism.

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