Syrians in Palestine Practice Circumcision
Herodotus
Histories 2.104.2–3
ca. 484–425 BCE
[T]he Colchians and Egyptians and Ethiopians are the only nations that have from the first practiced circumcision. The Phoenicians and the Syrians of Palestine acknowledge of themselves that they learned the custom from the Egyptians. [ . . . ]
Adapted from the translation of A. D. Godley.
Credits
Herodotus, Histories 2.104.2–3, from Herodotus, vol. I, trans. A. D. Godley, Loeb Classical Library, vol. 117 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1920), p. 393.
Published in: The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization, vol. 2: Emerging Judaism.
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Herodotus, writing in the fifth century BCE, provides the first testimony in Greek to Jewish circumcision (his reference to “Syrians in Palestine” likely refers to Judeans). Like many Greek ethnographers after him, Herodotus asserts that these “Syrians” learned the practice from the Egyptians.
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Creator Bio
Herodotus
Herodotus, known as the “father of history,” wrote an expansive Greek volume called The Histories. The book covers the Greco-Persian Wars, explores customs and cultures of foreign peoples, and tells the stories of kings of the region. Herodotus’ attempts to portray true events, though often embellished and ahistorical, are recognized as one of the first forays into historical writing.