Guide
The Temple as Symbol of the Cosmos
1st Century
Philo and Josephus (who may have drawn on Philo) ascribe cosmic symbolism and significance to the Tabernacle and Temple, the vestments worn by the high priest, and specific ritual vessels.
Related Primary Sources
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The Universe as a Temple
The highest, and in the truest sense the holy, temple of God is, as we must believe, the whole universe, having for its sanctuary the most sacred part of all existence, even heaven, for its votive…
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Philo on the Symbolism of the Tabernacle
The candlestick he placed at the south, figuring thereby the movements of the luminaries above; for the sun and the moon and the…
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Josephus on the Symbolism of the Tabernacle
Now some might wonder at the hatred people have for us, which they profess to show on account of our despising the deity whom they themselves profess to honor. For if anyone observes the construction…
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Josephus on the Symbolism of the Temple
In front of these doors hung a curtain of equal length, a Babylonian tapestry worked in blue, linen-white, scarlet, and purple. This was a wonderful piece of artistry, but the combination of colours…