I shall take up my parable
Se‘adya Ga’on
First Half of the 10th Century
In “I shall take up my parable” (Esa’ meshali), a polemical text written in Hebrew verse, Se‘adya directs his diatribe both toward the Karaite community as a whole and toward an individual thought to have been named Ben Asher. Parts of the poem employ language similar to that used in the liturgical poetry of the time, and it incorporates numerous biblical and rabbinic quotations, although its content is not religious per se. In the excerpt translated here, Se‘adya attacks Karaite views on Hebrew grammar, Rabbanite traditions about tzitzit and mezuzahs, the laws of forbidden relationships, and their rejection of levirate marriage. He concludes by asking how one would know the details of building, say, a sukkah, without the rabbinic tradition. Gomer and Geter presumably stand in for sages from other nations. The tenth-century Karaite Salmon ben Yerūḥīm wrote a poetic response to “I shall take up my parable,” which he included in his polemical Book of the Wars of the Lord (Sefer milḥamot ha-shem); it relies on biblical language without rabbinic citations.
Creator Bio
Se‘adya Ga’on
Se‘adya ben Joseph al-Fayyūmī, from the town of Dilāṣ in the Fayyūm region of Egypt, was one of the most significant figures in the early medieval world, reshaping rabbinic thought and literary culture according to the norms of the medieval Islamicate intellectual world in which he lived. Se‘adya played a decisive role in communal events and numerous intellectual fields. He polemicized against Karaites; composed early and influential works in Judeo-Arabic, of biblical exegesis, theology, linguistics, and law; composed a prayer book; and wrote liturgical poetry. He also translated much of the Hebrew Bible into Judeo-Arabic. Se‘adya began his literary career in Egypt but, around the year 900, went to study in the Palestinian academy in Tiberias. In 902, while still young, he composed the first Hebrew dictionary, the Egron, revising and expanding it until 930, when it had more than a thousand entries. At some point before 921, he came to Baghdad and participated in the calendar controversy that shook the Jewish world in 921 and 922. In 928, he was chosen to head the Sura academy by the exilarch David ben Zakkai. Only two years later, however, they began a conflict that went on for six or seven years, each of them deposing the other and appointing a replacement, until they finally reconciled.
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