Responsum: On Circumcision

This Hebrew responsum, preserved in the Maḥzor Vitry, a liturgical compilation by a prominent student of Rashi, Simḥah of Vitry, addresses what happens when a (joyful) celebration of a circumcision, which takes place in the synagogue, occurs on a (somber) fast day: certain melancholy prayers should be omitted, while others should be retained. Isaac’s emphasis on the traditional practices of the local community as a source of authority is clearly on display in this brief passage. This text underscores not only the communal aspect of circumcision but also the fact that its rituals were fully integrated into the synagogue services in northern Europe.