Creator Bio

Justin Martyr

100–165
Born in Samaria and educated in philosophy, Justin Martyr was a convert to Christianity from paganism. He wrote his First Apology and Second Apology to Roman authorities in order to explain and legitimize Christian beliefs and practices. Justin believed strongly in the compatibility of reason and faith. He was executed in Rome for his Christian faith, earning him the title “martyr.”

Entries in the Posen Library by This Creator

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Polemic against the Sabbath

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“Since you, Trypho, admit that you have read the teachings of him who is our Savior, I do not consider it out of place to have added those…

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Ancient Jewish Communal Identities: Early Christians

1st–2nd Century
Aerial view of an ancient stone synagogue ruin surrounded by greenery and dry fields, with remnants of walls and columns visible, located near a tree-lined area and dirt pathways.
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Early Christians Debate Jewish Observance

1st–3rd Centuries
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The Sabbath in Early Judaism

2nd Century BCE–1st Century CE

Sabbath observance served as a key Jewish identity marker in antiquity. Beyond refraining from labor, early Jews organized their lives around a seven-day week involving shared meals, study, and synagogue visits.