The Mishnah on Separating Dairy and Meat

1. All meat is forbidden to be cooked in milk except for the meat of fish and grasshoppers. It is forbidden to put [any type of meat] on the table with cheese, except for the meat of fish and grasshoppers. One who takes a vow [not to eat] meat is permitted to [eat] the meat of fish and grasshoppers. Fowl may be put on the table with cheese but may not be eaten [together]—according to Beth Shammai. But according to Beth Hillel, [fowl and cheese] may not be put on the table [together] or eaten [together]. R. Yosi said: This is among the leniencies of Beth Shammai and the stringencies of Beth Hillel. About what type of table did they speak? About a table on which one eats. But on a table on which one [only] lays out cooked dishes, [cheese and fowl] may be placed side by side and there is no concern [that one will eat them together]. [ . . . ]

3. A drop of milk that fell on a piece of meat [in a stew]: If there is enough [milk] to impart taste to the piece of meat, it is forbidden [to eat the piece of meat]. If one stirred the [stew] in the pot, if there is enough [milk] to impart taste to the [stew] in the pot, it is forbidden to eat [the stew]. [With regard to eating] an udder, one should tear it open and remove the milk, [but if one did] not tear it open, one does not transgress [the prohibition of consuming dairy and meat together by eating it]. [With regard to eating] the heart [of an animal], one should tear it open and remove the blood, [but if one did] not tear it open, one does not transgress [the prohibition of eating blood (see Leviticus 7:26–27)]. One who places fowl on the table with cheese does not transgress a negative commandment.