Guide
Punishment and Restitution Administered in the Early Synagogue
1st–6th Centuries
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Related Primary Sources
Primary Source
The New Testament on Punishment in the Synagogue
Acts 22:19
And I [Paul] said, “Lord, they themselves know that in every synagogue I imprisoned and beat those who believed in you.”
Translation from the New…
Primary Source
Lashing in the Synagogue
m. Makkot 3:12
How do they lash him? His two hands are tied to a pillar on either side of it and the minister [ḥazzan] of the synagogue grabs his clothing. If they are torn, they are torn; if they are ripped open…
Primary Source
Restitution in the Synagogue
b. Bava Metsi‘a 28b
The sages taught: Initially, anyone who found a lost item would proclaim [his find for] three pilgrimage festivals and [for] seven days after the last [of the three] pilgrimage festivals, so that [its…