Petition on Behalf of a Widowed Proselyte

To do righteousness and justice is more acceptable to the Lord than sacrifice (Proverbs 21:3). And further: Ye shall love the stranger, for strangers [were ye in the land of Egypt] (Deuteronomy 10:19).

Repose and quietude, an abundance of peaceful tidings, knowledge, wisdom, and bounteous purity from the Creator of Spirits [to all those who tread] in faultless paths; a good name for those who walk in perfection; light and happiness to make glad the soul[s; the granting of inheritances] to all, through a third of the dust of the earth; and the building up of ruins, the foundation of spirits and the u[nitin]g of the inscribed happinesses. [To] our people, the nobles of our nation, the mighty ones of our masses, the congregation of the sons of Israel who [reside] in all their places of settle[ment], benefactors of nations, the tamarisk[s]‌ of the hosts of Israel, supporters of those in despair, offerers of benefits with goodly countenance, who “lift up [their bodies to the smiters] and their cheeks to them who make bald,” [see Isaiah 50:6], [to] those “who have said to their soul, ‘Bow down that we may pass over’” [see Isaiah 51:23]. All this has come upon them, yet they did not forget the Name of their Holy One [the Lord of Israel], may He lift up his ensign to the peoples, [may] He gather in our dispersed ones and bring together our scattered ones to His holy habitation, and may He plant us upon the mountain of our inheritance, as it is written: [For in My holy mountain, etc.] there shall they serve Me, etc. (Ezekiel 20:40). From us, the congregation of Monieux, the young of the flock (Jeremiah 49:20; 50:45), the oppressed and broken, who reside amidst d[ogs] . . . until we have been left, a few from many, as a bea[con upon the top of] a mountain, and as an ensign upon the hillock (Isaiah 30:17), to the heat by day and the frost by night (Jeremiah 36:30), h[enceforth may the Name of the Lord be] blessed forever and unto all eternity. Yet despite [the badness of] our oppression and the might of our distress, we offer pleadings, entreating the countenance of [our] K[ing to hasten the tidings of] gladness, to bind together our exiles and gather our dispersions together in the throne of glory on high from the beginning (Jeremiah 17:12), as it is written, And He will set up an ensign for [the nations, and will assemble the dispersed of Israel] (Isaiah 11:12).

We [hereby] inform our honorable lords of the matter of this widow the proselytess, whose husband was R. David, his soul rest in peace, of the members of the Narbonne community, [who was a member of the family of] R. Todros, his memory be for a blessing, in Narbonne. He came here six years ago to the day because of the matter of his wife, this proselytess, who had been a [Christian and entered the Covenant of] Holiness; she went forth from the house of her father, from great wealth and a distant land, and came on behalf of the Lord, and to take refuge under the wings of [the Shekinah. She left] her brothers and the great ones of her family, and was living in Narbonne; and R. David, the deceased person just mentioned, married her and was with her more than s[ix months, when he heard] that they were seeking her. So he fled with her to our place, until the Holy One decreed this persecution upon us, righteous is He and righteous . . . . [The husband was killed] in the synagogue and the two children were taken captive—a boy named Jacob and a girl named Justa, she being three years old [and all they owned was plundered.] The widow remained alive, weeping and crying because of her great degradation and poverty, there being no one to care for her; and there also remained alive unto her [a son of] . . . months. Thus was she left, in thirst and nakedness, lacking all provisions, and with no funds to pay for her [daily needs] and [those of] her orphaned son. So we have s[ought to turn to] our lords, to inform them of her oppressed state and her sorrow. And now, O our lords, lift up your eyes to heaven and take pity upon her poverty, her g[reat degradation and] her children who have been taken captive, and with regard to her husband who was slain. Perhaps the Lord of Hosts will be gracious (Amos 5:15) so that she may redeem them. So accept her with friendly [countenance and treat] her in the same goodly measure as you do every wayfarer and passerby [and you shall merit] for yourselves [life in the world to come, as it is said:] Call and the Lord will answer, beseech and He will say, “Here am I” (Isaiah 58:9). May the Holy One, blessed be He, answer all your requests] . . . as it is said: If I do not open unto you the windows of heaven and pour out upon you [a blessing, more than sufficiency (Malachi 3:10) . . . the Lord God] has spoken. He in his mercifulness will double your reward and will surely lead you in joy to the place of His glory.

Source: CUL T-S 16.100.

Translated by Norman Golb.

Notes

Words in brackets appear in the original translation.

Credits

The Jewish Community of Muño, “Petition on Behalf of a Widowed Proselyte” (I), trans. Norman Golb, in Norman Golb, “New Light on the Persecution of French Jews at the Time of the First Crusade,” Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research, vol. 34 (1966): 1–63 (53–62). Used with permission of the American Academy for Jewish Research (AAJR).

Published in: The Posen Library of Jewish Culture and Civilization, vol. 3: Encountering Christianity and Islam.

Engage with this Source

This petition describes the fate of a widowed woman who had converted to Judaism. This unnamed woman had married a member of one of the leading families of the Jews of Narbonne, in southern France, but had fled that city when her Christian family sought them out. After an anti-Jewish riot that killed her husband, David, and led to the capture of two of her three children, Jacob and Justa, the widow was bereft and turned to the signatories of the letter for help. Although there is good reason to think that the writers lived in Muño in the Burgos region of northern Spain, its original editor identified it as coming from Monieux in southern France. The signatures at the bottom of this document do not survive. The Spanish origin of this letter is supported on paleographic and linguistic grounds, including the influence of Spanish loanwords, but the letter’s geographical origin cannot be established with certainty. Ellipses indicate lacunae in the manuscript.

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